Themes in James Joyces Araby Essay - 667 Words

In the story of, Araby James Joyce concentrated on three main themes that will explain the purpose of the narrative. The story unfolded on North Richmond Street, which is a street composed of two rows of houses, in a desolated neighborhood. Despite the dreary surroundings of dark muddy lanes and ash pits the boy tried to find evidence of love and beauty in his surroundings. Throughout the story, the boy went through a variety of changes that will pose as different themes of the story including alienation, transformation, and the meaning of religion (Borey). The narrator alienated himself from friends and family which caused loneliness and despair, being one of the first themes of the story. He developed a crush on Mangans†¦show more content†¦Two men were flirting with a women and counting money which in turn ruined his thought of Eastern enchantment. After seeing the women shamelessly flirt with the men, he realized that he allowed his feelings for Mangans sister to get carried away with. He was angry at himself for acting like a fool. Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger. (Joyce 392). The last line says a lot about the story and the complexity of his feelings. However, the fact that he realized he was acting foolishly, showed that he was maturing from an innocent young child, into a man( Sample Essays Analyzing James Joyces Short Story-Araby). The last theme of the story and probably the most important is God and religion. To better understand the complexity of the story you have to know the historical content of Dublin at the time the narrative was written. During the 1900s Ireland was under British control and Irelands main religion was Roman Catholicism. Most families sent their children to schools that where taught by Jesuit priests and convent schools run by nuns. Ireland also had a lot of poverty in it and because there werent any TVs or radios for entertainment, so they relied on folklore and storytelling to pass the time . As you can see, its clear why such a big event like Araby held great expectations(Show MoreRelated Themes of Alienation and Control in James Joyces Araby Essay examples1849 Words   |  8 Pages Alienation of â€Å"Araby† Although â€Å"Araby† is a fairly short story, author James Joyce does a remarkable job of discussing some very deep issues within it. On the surface it appears to be a story of a boys trip to the market to get a gift for the girl he has a crush on. Yet deeper down it is about a lonely boy who makes a pilgrimage to an eastern-styled bazaar in hopes that it will somehow alleviate his miserable life. James Joyce’s uses the boy in â€Å"Araby† to expose a story of isolation andRead More Comparing Updikes AP and Joyces Araby Essay1336 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Updikes A P and Joyces Araby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Updikes A P and James Joyces Araby share many of the same literary traits. The primary focus of the two stories revolves around a young man who is compelled to decipher the difference between cruel reality and the fantasies of romance that play in his head. That the man does, indeed, discover the difference is what sets him off into emotional collapse. One of the main similarities between the two stories is the fact that the mainRead MoreAraby Notes1092 Words   |  5 PagesIn James Joyces short story Araby, the male narrators coming-of-age is transposed against a tale of an innocent womans supposed falling from grace, in the eyes of the young man. The young man promises to go to a fair called Araby. The name Araby was often thought to comprise the fictional or romanticized version of Arabia or Arab world, such as in the then-popular song The Sheik of Araby. (Araby, 2005) The young man promises to bring the young woman something from the far-off and exoticRead MoreAraby, by Ja mes Joyce Essay942 Words   |  4 Pages The story, quot;Arabyquot; by James Joyce, is a short story about a young boys life and his quest to impress the young girl for whom he has feelings. The protagonists to the young boy, including the young girl, are the boys uncle, and the people at the Bazaar booth. The initial point of conflict occurs when the girl informs the boy that she cannot attend the bazaar, as she has every other year. quot;She could not go, she said, because there would be a retreat that week in her conventquot;Read MoreThe Power of Araby by James Joyce Essay1907 Words   |  8 Pagestalking about is â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce. James Joyce does a great job creating vivid images in the readers mind and creates a theme that most of us can relate. In this paper I will be discussing five scholarly peer reviewed journals that also discusses the use of image and theme that James Joyce created in his short story â€Å"Araby†. Before I start diving into discussing these five scholarly peer review journals, I would like to just write a little bit about â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce. James Joyce is an IrishRead More Comparing James Joyces Araby and Ernest Hemingways A Clean, Well-Lighted Place1363 Words   |  6 PagesComparing James Joyces Araby and Ernest Hemingways A Clean, Well-Lighted Place As divergent as James Joyces Araby and Ernest Hemingways A Clean, Well-Lighted Place are in style, they handle many of the same themes. Both stories explore hope, anguish, faith, and despair. While Araby depicts a youth being set up for his first great disappointment, and A Clean, Well-Lighted Place shows two older men who have long ago settled for despair, both stories use a number of analogous symbolsRead MoreArabay by James Joyce Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pages Select Literary Elements of â€Å"Araby† In â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce, the author uses several literary elements to convey the multitude of deep meanings within the short story. Three of the most prominent and commonly used by Joyce are the elements of how the themes were developed, the unbounded use of symbolism, and the effectiveness of a particular point of view. Through these three elements Joyce was able to publish his world famous story and allow his literary piece to be understood and criticizedRead MoreThe Motivation for Anguish887 Words   |  4 Pagesencounters by young boys are often wrought with many different emotions and illusions. In â€Å"Araby†, a portrayal of a young boy’s experience of romantic reality, the reader is witness to the narrator’s physical, emotional and chronological journey. The emotional reactions, anguish and anger, show the importance of the events in the young boy’s life. The deprecating word vanity is significant to the story’s theme, b ecause while anguish and anger are emotional reactions, the admission of vanity is a severeRead MoreEssay On Similarities Between Araby And A P1046 Words   |  5 PagesThe stories of James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† and John Updike’s â€Å"AP† share identical literary traits from each character which are the protagonist. The main point of the two is that they revolve around a young male who is pressured by his conscience to untangle the difference between the harsh reality and the fantasies of romance that play in his head. The young man does indeed recognize the difference is what turns him in the direction of an emotional catastrophe. One of the comparisons between the storiesRead MoreParalysis In James Joyces Dubliners1086 Words   |  5 Pagesthat Shakespeare never explored: to remain paralyzed between the two states, unable to commit to either. James Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories first published in 1914, that follows the inhabitants of Ireland. Published nearly a half a century before the Republic of Ireland would be recognized as an independant country, many of Joyce’s short stories in Dubliners explore the theme of Irish paralysis, that Joyce found afflicted both the whole of Ireland and its individual citizens. Many

Essay about Managerial Problems With The Performance...

Managerial Problems with the Performance Review Process Most employees do not look forward to performance reviews neither do managers like to give them. But in todays companies, performance reviews are a necessary tool. They are used to promote employees, to compensate for jobs well done, and most of all, to allow for the employee to know how well they perform. Due to poor performance reviews, many employees are terminated each year. Many of these terminations are contributed to poor decision making on the part of the manager performing the review.†¦show more content†¦Managers need to allow for the performance of the employee to direct their decision making on the evaluations. If someone shows improvement, the performance review should reflect this. Too many times this is not the case. Some managers seem to display the attitude of once a bad employee, always a bad employee. The third problem is that employees do not realize there is a problem until the yearly performance review. Good managers should observe the performance of the employee throughout the year and provide corrective feedback as soon as problems occur; not just once a year. If the employee is doing something that the manager finds unacceptable, and is not corrected, the employee will feel it is an acceptable action. A follow-up meeting should occur in the near future to allow the manager and employee to see how things are going after corrective feedback is given. The fourth problem is that managers are too vague about problems dealing with employees and that the employees were not really sure what to do to correct the problem. The manager must provide detailed feedback in order for the employee to correct the issue. The manager should focus on a single problem and work out a specific solutionShow MoreRelatedThe Role of Effective Com munication in Improving Managerial Performance1701 Words   |  7 PagesTHE ROLE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION IN IMPROVING MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY OF IMO STATE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ISEPA) ABSTRACT The role of effective communication in improving managerial performance. Management and communication are inseparable, it is the pivot in which activities of the various department relates to enhance industrial, growth, productivity and harmony in Imo State environmentalRead MoreManaging People Organisations1668 Words   |  7 PagesMANAGING PEOPLE AND ORGANISATIONS | OUTCOME 3 ASSESSMENT | | Contents MANAGERIAL WORK 2 MAIN FEATURES 2 MEASURING MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE 4 BEHAVIOURAL THEORY 5 McGREGOR, THEORY X amp; Y 5 LEADERSHIP THEORIES 6 SCOTIA EXPANSION amp; THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP 7 MANAGERIAL WORK There are three different levels of management, the first being senior level management who are concerned with the strategic planning and decision making of the organisation. The decisions they make areRead MorePerformance Management Systems : Performance Improvement1263 Words   |  6 PagesPerformance management systems are â€Å"systems designed to identify the ways to achieve organizational goals through constant assessment and feedback leading to improvement of employee performance† (Huprish, 2008). Across all organisations, employers must ensure that the performance management systems not only exist within, but are also implemented strongly. These systems are crucial in all organisations as it can provide and sustain continual progression. Within the performance management systems frameworkRead MoreThe Changing Role of Managerial Accounting in a Dynamic Business Environment1723 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 1 THE CHANGING ROLE OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IN A DYNAMIC BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Learning Objectives 1. Define managerial accounting and describe its role in the management process. 2. Explain four fundamental management processes that help organizations attain their goals. 3. List and describe five objectives of managerial accounting activity. 4. Explain the major differences between managerial and financial accounting. 5. Explain where managerial accountants are located inRead MoreDecision Making Is A Fundamental Component For Any Successful Business958 Words   |  4 PagesDecision-making is a fundamental component to any successful business. I chose the topic â€Å"Managerial Decision Making† because informed decisions are critical in order for managers to drive a profitable and sustainable business. Many business analysts measure an organization’s performance on their level of attained profit. The profits companies produce based on their business arrangements and profitable business deals, permit them to allocate benchmarks within the company to set financial goals forRead MoreEffective Communication For A Managerial Level1587 Words   |  7 PagesIt is critical to develop communication on a managerial level and to know your target audience; in addition, to determine the appropriate style and format of communicating with the audience. According to the business dictionary, the m eaning of effective communication is A two way information sharing process which involves one party sending a message that is easily understood by the receiving party. Effective communication by business managers facilitates information sharing between company employeesRead MoreFinancial Accounting And Managerial Accounting1613 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Both financial accounting and managerial accounting provide important information about the business process. On the one hand, financial accounting provides only financial information to its internal users and external users. On the other hand, managerial accounting basically communicates about financial and non-financial information with internal users such as managers, employees and owners of the company. In other words, managerial accounting provides information to managers who directRead MoreEmployee Performance Reviews Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesPerformance reviews are designed to both evaluate general performance and measure progress around specific goals. Both negative and positive aspects are incorporated in these reviews as they should serve as a point of reference to both look back in evaluation and ahead in anticipation. Pulling back from daily demands in order to assess and review employee performance allows managers to focus their attention on specific departments and clarify what is high priority to their company. Performance reviewsRead MoreJim Case Question969 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop your staff’s skills (McClelland, 1993). As a supervisor of employees whose task is to assemble tuning devices that go into cell phones, it is important to investigate why the quality of work has diminished. Training, managerial development and training, and performance management are some factors that could be attributing to the decrease in quality of the tuning devices assembled by the employees. Trial and error will need to take place in order to determine if the lack of training has beenRead MoreWhy Managerial Performance Appraisals Are Ineffective: Causes and Lessons4472 Words   |  18 PagesWhy managerial performance appraisals are ineffective: causes and lessons Clinton O. Longenecker Graduate School of Management, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA Claims that, in the quest for competitive advantage, modern organizations are making increasing demands on their change managers. Questions what organizations are doing to help managers develop the skills necessary to operate in a rapidly changing work environment. Suggests that systematic management development efforts at

American History Research Paper Free Essays

Barbados – Barbados is an important part of the American history since it was an area where many sugar cane plantations where located. We all know that way back in the 17th century, large plantations like these were required a lot of workers. The manual labor came from the slaves from different tribes in Africa. We will write a custom essay sample on American History Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another concern was the displacement of farmers when British settlers developed the area into a commercial enterprise of large plantation estates. These displaced farmers relocated to British colonies in North America, most notable of which is South Carolina. West Africa – West Africa played an important role in the American history because this is the place where slave trades began, following the establishment of settlements by Portuguese traders. The slave trades had great negative effects on the region’s economy and population. Because of these slave trades, the population of West Africans poured in the New World. This increased the number of people living in European and American regions during the 16th and the 17th century. Despite the efforts of the European and American governments to stop the slave trades, it continued until the late 19th century where the last country to abolish it was Brazil. Virginia Company – The Virginia Company is an important part of the American history because it was chartered to establish settlements on the coasts of North America. This is divided into two companies, the Virginia Company of London and the Virginia Company of Plymouth. These two companies are both given differing territories, wherein an area of overlapping territory was created. They were not permitted to establish colonies within a hundred mile separation, but the Plymouth Company wasn’t able to fulfill its charter. Its territory, now known as New England was also contested by France as theirs. Thomas Jefferson – Thomas Jefferson is famous because he’s the third President of the United States of America and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence. He also promoted the ideals of Republicanism in the country, making him one of the most influential founding fathers of the United States. But his achievements weren’t limited to his contribution to American Independence. He is the President which gave a go to the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition. These events were very important since it expanded the nation’s territories by acquiring more land through expeditions and sales. The Louisiana Purchase encompassed parts of 15 current U. S. states as well as two provinces of Canada. The Church of England – The Church of England, also known as the Anglican Church and the Protestant Episcopal Church of today, was one of the major churches during the early years of America. It has a great number of followings, yet it wasn’t given relative treatment from many historians. The attention was given to the Puritans, those who rejected the Reformation of the Church of England. Many of these Puritans migrated to North America between 1620s and 1640s because of their belief that the Church of England can never be reformed from the state it was in during that time. These Puritans settled in the New England area and established settlements there. Iroquois – The Iroquois is a group of originally five nations, including the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. The sixth member is the Tuscarora, who joined after the original five were formed. During the American Revolution, there has been the first major split of the Iroquois, when the Tuscarora and the Oneida sided with the Americans. On the other hand, the Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga and Cayuga remained loyal to the side of Great Britain. Massachusetts Bay Company – The Massachusetts Bay Company is an English chartered company which established the Massachusetts Bay colony in New England. They became the only English chartered colony which is not under the direct control of those in England. Despite all efforts by the Council for New England to annul the colony’s land claim, the colony remained in tact and the council was left unsuccessful. Pocahontas – Pocahontas was a Native American woman who is formally named Matoaka and Amonute. She was the daughter of Wahunsunacock or the Chief Powhatan, the ruler of almost all the neighboring tribes found in the Tidewater region of Virginia. She played an important role in American history because she was married to John Rolfe, an Englishman. Their marriage is one of the first unions of a Native American and a settler just like Rolfe. She was baptized Rebecca Rolfe on her marriage. Powhatan – The Powhatan is the Native American tribe and confederacy of tribes living in what is now the east area of Virginia during the time of the first European-Native encounters there. This confederacy of neighboring tribes became established in the late 16th and 17th century, through the creation of a mighty empire by conquering or affiliating with around 30 other tribes. This was spearheaded by a tribal chief name Wahunsunacock. When the English settlers came, there were a lot of conflicts between these Natives and the settlers. When the tribal head died and was succeeded by his brother, more conflicts emerged resulting to the Indian Massacre of 1622 and 1636, nearly exterminating the members of the tribes. Slave codes – The slave codes were laws made by each state which defines the status of slaves and the rights of their owners or masters. This is usually for the benefit of the masters, giving them near-absolute power over the right of these slaves or human properties. This is an important part of the American history since it showed how the early people were into owning other humans as tools, which also awakened others to fight for the freedom and rights of these â€Å"human properties†. Reformation – The Reformation is the religious movements that arise in the Western Europe in the 16th Century. This movement calls for the internal renewal of the Catholic Church. These led to great revolts and the abandonment of the principal Christian beliefs during that time. This was the result of Martin Luther’s activities in 1517. Indentured servant – The indentured servant is a term pertaining to a laborer which is under contract of an employer for a period of time, usually four to seven years. This is in exchange for a ship’s passage, food, land as well as accommodations. This is a way to increase the number of colonists living in a settlement. In the case of America, most indentured servants were recruited from the increasing number of poor people without work in the urban areas of England. English Reformation-Henry VIII – One of the reasons for the reformation of the English church was because of King Henry VIII. This resulted from his desire for annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon so that he will be able to marry Anne Boleyn. When the Pope Clement VII refused to annul the marriage, Henry took the position of Supreme Head of the Church of England in order to annul his marriage. He was excommunicated but maintained a strong preference for the traditional Catholic practices. John Calvin and Martin Luther – John Calvin and Martin Luther are both church reformers, who sought change in the Catholic Church during their times. John Calvin developed his own system of Christian theology which was called Calvinism or the Reformed Theology. On the other hand, Martin Luther laid out his ideologies which challenged the authority of the pope. He pointed that salvation can be attained through Jesus, without the mediation from the Church. His ideas became the inspiration of what transpired to be the Protestant Reformation, thus changing the course of the Western civilization. How to cite American History Research Paper, Essays

Steroids In Sports Essay Example For Students

Steroids In Sports Essay All about SteroidsUnderstanding steroidSteroids natureSteroids that are used by athletes are the artificial form of testosterone, a human hormone released by the body to stimulate and maintain the male sexual organs. Testosterone is called a male hormone since it is produced in men in large quantities compared to the quantity produced in women (Mishra, 1-2). Hormones that are produced by the testes and the adrenal gland in men and ovaries and adrenal gland in women contains certain kind of fat called steroids, natural ones, which means solid in Greek. The body produces about 600 different kinds of steroids called androgens these kinds include testosterone. The amount of testosterone produced in males is about 10 to 15 times more than in women. For this reason we notice that women who uses steroids have masculine characteristics (Yesalis, 23-24). A male human body produce an average of 2.5 to 11 mg of testosterone daily, while the average user of steroids take about 100 mg daily (Mish ra, 2). When we talk about steroids we are referring to the anabolic-androgenic steroids, but athletes are more concerned with the anabolic property. Anabolic in Greek means, to build while androgenic means masculinizing. Androgenic effect plays a role in the maturation of the male reproduction system and is responsible for hair growth and the deepening of the voice while anabolic effect helps in the growth of the muscles by providing them by retained protein (Anabolic steroids, 1). Anabolic steroids are the result from tests that are were made to produce a drug that has tissue-building ability that of the testosterone and at the same time separating it from testosterones masculinizing properties. Since the separation did not fully worked out, the proper name of this drug is anabolic-androgenic steroids although it is called anabolic steroids or just steroids (Yesalis, 24). Steroids DevelopmentFrom the early ages man was concerned in increasing his power and his sexual ability. Athl etes in the old Greek used to take some wine mixed with strychnine, stimulus of the CNS, taken from plants. Others ate hallucinogenic drugs (Reuters, 1). In 140 BC Indians used to eat testicle tissue that gave them sexual ability and helped in overcoming impotence problems. During 2000 Babylonians noticed that castration did not only caused fertility problems but also they lose their aggressiveness and power (Yesalis, 31-32). Steroids were first developed in the 1930s By Dr. Charles Kockakian, who was called the father of anabolic steroids, to prevent body tissues from breaking down due diseases, but the illegal use of steroids started in the Olympic games in the 1950s after the athletic committee has found that Russian athletes and some East European nations athletics won the majority of the medals and that was due to the use of steroids (Mishra, 1). This was a result after Paul de Kruif a science writer suggested in 1940s the idea of using the tissue-building drug to be used in sp orts so that athletes could enhance their performance. However, the mystery of the movement of drugs from laboratory to sports is not discovered yet, since no one know how steroids invaded every kind of sports (Yesalis, 34-36). After discovering the tissue-building property so many researches were done to isolate this property from androgenic property, but this was impossible. Researchers changed the testosterones chemical structure by adding esters that is a combination of alcohol and acid after water is removed. These testosterone esters became the major drug for all athletes (Yesalis, 34). Using WaysSteroids can be taken in many different ways; it could be orally (pills or capsules), by injection with a syringe (as a viscous liquid), or by skin creams or patches. Steroids that are taken orally have their chemical structure helps them to be quickly cleaned by the liver but at the same time it is toxic to the liver. Steroids users often take steroids in cycles each episode lasts from 6 to 12 weeks or more. During their cycles users begin with low doses then increase the doses to go back to lower doses (Yesalis, 25). Moreover, users always stack, use different kinds of steroids and that to give more effect and reduce side effects and avoid detection (Ringhofer, 174). Some steroids users take other drugs concurrently with steroids this is called array. The aim behind these drugs is to lessen the side effects of steroids. For example these drugs could contain diuretic to handle fluid retention, anti-estrogens to prevent breast development, chorionic gonadotrophine to reduce testicular atrophy and anti-acne medication. Athletes take dosage depending on each particular sport; sprinters take about 1.5 to 2 times than the normal average which is 7 mg of testosterone a day, while body builders who are seeking to bulk up take about 10 to 100 more than the normal average (Yesalis, 26). Users and Causes of Using SteroidsThere are so many different kinds of people who use steroids; mainly they are athletes who want to compete, kids who are trying it for the first time and other school athletes, coaches in the GYM take steroids so they will look more muscular and huge from those who are training. On the other side, some people who perform hard work like policeman, fireman uses steroids to be more energetic. Models, dancers, and movie stars all of them take steroids for a better image (Yesalis, 5). Steroids have a medical use too. They help many patients who are going to make a surgery, for the elderly how want to regulate their hormones and many others use ster oids to fight problems resulting from HIV and AIDS. But all these will not be our issue of discussion in this paper since we will concentrate on athletes use of steroids (Yesalis, 6). The sociological aspect is the main reason behind using steroids. So many athletes and people mainly males think that large and strong muscles will give them a masculine look. Others accept nothing but winning and this put a lot of pressure on them; in such cases, they start taking steroids. Other reason behind steroids use is that some school or college athletes are looking forward for a scholarship and steroids can help a lot. Moreover, people are concerned more with short-term results than long-term health consequences (Mishra, 3). Mechanism of ActionThere is one clear evidence that during hard training two things happen. First, the level of testosterone drops in the human body to the level of the castrated one. The other thing is that body release glucocrticoids which break down tissue, catabolic effect. We conclude that over training may cause muscle decrease. As a result the importance of steroids use while training is increasing. Steroids help in increasing protein syntheses through its interaction with the targeted tissue. So after the DNA in the cell, chromosome, interact with the anabolic steroids that have reached through the blood, various enzyme, structural and contractile proteins formation take place. This helps muscles to grow faster (Yesalis, 27-29). The other thing is Placebo Effect; it is the physical or the psychological change that results from taking an inert substance, believing that this inert will have a therapeutic effect. This was the case even in ancient times. Placebo effects result fr om a persons imagination that he can achieve more, moreover in some cases there are improvements based on objective clinical standards (Yesalis, 30-31). Finally, Nervous System and Psychological effects; our main concern is aggression that is associated with harsh sports, like wrestling, is looked at as an improving performance act. However, it is logical that more aggressiveness while training leads to more benefit, and makes the person achieve more and at the same time athletes would not feel their pain and fatigue. Never the less, studies indicated that steroids have biochemical foundation since in addition for the steroids effect on CNS and neuromuscular junction, a huge muscular man acting in an aggressive way will be noticed more than a small man acting aggressively since the larger man can do greater damage (Yesalis, 30) Steroids EffectAthletes Performance and appearanceAfter some doses of steroids a person will witness an increase in appetite, aggression, energy and rapid re covery from workouts. All of this happens at the beginning and without noticing any side effects (Ringhofer, 175). The main objective of athletes behind using steroids is that they need to increase their strength, increase muscle mass and reduce fat, also to increase their endurance and a faster recovery from exercise so they can practice more often (Yesalis, 40). All relevant information about steroids effect on performance is based on athletes experience and studies made on human. Based on these studies the effect is divided into three categories: Aerobic capacity and endurance, body composition, and strength performance (Yesalis, 41). 76.6% / 1862 words / There are no equal opportuniti... EssayEducational ApproachEducation plays a major role in controlling steroids. Many schools added steroids wakefulness to their educational programs explaining their real dangers (Yesalis, 87). Oregon Model of education against steroids carried by the Oregon health sciences university, Portland, says that neither scare tactics is a way to stop athletes from taking steroids, nor a lecture at the beginning of the sports season. Their work emphasized more on the behavioral intent, body image, incentives toward drug use and arresting drug traders. The program did not only involve the athletes but also the parents, the teams and coaches so they will be able to create a healthy social sphere (Yesalis, 90). In addition, the ATLAS, Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids, prevention program approved that participants, relative to a control group, were less dragged to steroids and trying it since they know its side effects i n addition to its benefits, as a result they know how to avoid it and concentrate more on their nutrition. The ATLAS program has fourteen sessions with three main concepts. First, weight training skills. Second, nutrition information for sports. Last, anabolic steroids education, like that of Oregon (Yesalis, 91). Treatment programsSome times stopping steroids may cause major consequences, so the most important thing is to keep a bond with the athlete and provide him with proper education, counseling, and reassurance. For this reason the doctor treating the athlete must not be judgmental, he must be knowledgeable and understanding (Yesalis, 124). Anabolic steroids are considered to be addictive. A person taking steroids become dependent, since it changes their physical appearance and increase the effort to achieve more. Some athletes reported: When faced with the syringe, even my own worst fears did not matter, I could not stop. 17-inch arms were not enough, I want 20. And when I g ot to 20, I was sure that I would want 22,. . Major problem with steroids treatment is that it costs so much of money (Yesalis, 116). Depression symptoms caused from quitting steroids sometimes leads to suicide. There are certain characteristics that show that a person is in need for help: First, retarded behavior associated with depressive disorder. Second, sudden change in moods such as euphoria, irritability, depression or anxiety. Third, slower and disorganized thinking. Fourth, Suicidal thoughts and last but not least, hallucinations (Yesalis, 121). Some patients experiencing uncontrolled aggression need anti-psychotic medication; others need hospitalization so they could have all the support needed. (Yesalis, 121-22). InterpretationIn my opinion, I consider that athletes are misusing steroids. The main reason behind establishing steroids was to prevent body tissues from breaking down, and to help the elderly in regulating their hormones and many others to help them fighting against HIV AIDS. However, athletes adapted this invention for inappropriate purposes and to cheat and compete in an unfair way. Since, sport represents the finest in physical development and human striving and will, steroids use among athletes opposes this representation. Society still does not fully recognize the negative effects that steroids have on the health of athletes and the way sports are played. I believe that every one is responsible for preventing steroids use including athletes, coaches and parents. Steroids cause a lot of harm that we must be aware of. First, an athlete may suffer physical and psychological harm because of steroids. Second, the use of steroids for no medical purposes is a violation of federal laws. Third, using anabolic steroids is cheating and violates the rules of virtually every sport. Finally, yet importantly, steroids contaminate sports because results are obtained by unnatural means. Some people defend steroids use by stating that they give users a tremendous physical advantage. However, it is the price of that advantage that worries me. There are two important things to bear in mind about steroids. First, they are very powerful drugs that affect both mind and body. Second, when elite athletes take steroids to secretly enhance their physical sports performance they tarnish the purity of all sports competitions. Works CitedAnabolic steroids. ESPN.com. Sep. 6 2000. Apr 19 2001. a href=http://espn.go.com/special/s/drugsandsports/steroids.htmlhttp://espn.go.com/special/s/drugsandsports/steroids.htmlFarry, Tom. Juicers: Scare tactics do not work. ESPN.com. Dec. 14 2000. 20 Apr 2001. Sports and Steroids. Kirk, D.N., M.P. Hartshorn. Steroid Reaction Mechanisms.Amesterdam:Elsevier Publishing Co., 1968. Mishra, Raja. Steroids and sports are a losing proposition. FDA Consumer. 25.7. p24. Sep 1991. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Steroids. Noble, Kate. When Winning Loses Out: This is the year that integrity will count for more than victory at any price. Time International. 157.4. p.70. Jan 29 2001. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Drugs. Paterson, Ellen R. Steroids and Sports. RQ. 29.1. p. 20-23. Fall 1989. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Steroids and Sports. Phillips, Andrew. The Olympic Drug Cloud: were these the shame games .. or the start of real crackdown on doping? Macleans. p 52. Oct 9 2000. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Drugs. Racing Demons: Use of performance-enhancing drugs may grab sporting headlines, but the real tragedy is what happens later. Time International. 157.10. p 50+. Mar 12 2001. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Drugs. Reuters. Drugs as old as Olypmpia, as new as the Internet ESPN.com. Sep. 19 2000. 19 Apr 2001. ;http://espn.go.com/oly/summers/00/s/2000/0905/724370.html;Ringhofer, Kevin R., ; Martha E. Harding. Coaches Guide to Drugs and Sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1996. The Psycological Effects of Using Steroids. PlanetPapers. 20 Apr 2001. ;;a href=http://www.planetpapers.com/Assets/432.html;http://www.planetpapers.com/Assets/432.html;Yesalis, Charles E., ; Virginia S. Cowart. The Steroids Game: an experts inside look at anabolic steroid use in sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1998.